Operator essay

Marketing Operations1 October 202614 min readBy Christopher Swarup

Originally published on LinkedIn, 1 October 2026.

Marketing Ops Won't Disappear. But the Job We Built Around It Will.

The easier execution becomes, the more valuable it is to know what should happen, how it should connect and why.

Who this is forCMOs & VP MarketingRevOps & Marketing Ops

For most of my career, if you told someone you worked in Marketing Operations, the conversation would usually get to technology pretty quickly. Do you know Marketo? Can you run HubSpot? How strong are you in Salesforce? Can you build the campaigns, manage the integrations, sort out the routing, fix the data and generally keep everything working when something inevitably goes wrong?

There was nothing particularly wrong with that view, especially 10 or 15 years ago when marketing technology was becoming more complicated and the people who genuinely understood these platforms were relatively scarce. The problem is that somewhere along the way the technology became the identity of the function, and I think we started confusing what Marketing Operations uses with what Marketing Operations is actually there to do.

The distinction AI will expose

What Marketing Ops uses

Platforms & execution

  • Marketo
  • HubSpot
  • Salesforce
  • Integrations
  • Routing
  • Data fixes
  • The economics of this are changing with AI.

What Marketing Ops is there to do

Translate ambition into a system that supports it

  • Lifecycle
  • Ownership
  • Handoffs
  • Trusted data
  • Governance
  • Becomes more valuable as execution gets cheaper.

That distinction matters a lot more now because AI is starting to change the economics of execution.

I have spent more than 15 years working in Marketing Operations and one thing I have noticed is that the profession never really grew up through one clear route. Some people started in campaigns, some became the Marketo person because nobody else wanted to touch it, others came through CRM, data, analytics, digital, planning or performance marketing, and quite a few simply became the person who understood how all the pieces connected.

The organisations were equally inconsistent. Marketing Ops might sit under Demand Generation, Growth, Digital, a Marketing Director or directly under the CMO, while in another company those same responsibilities were scattered across five different teams with nobody really owning the whole thing.

So naturally we built the profession around the work.

First it was administering the platform, then campaign execution became more complicated, then segmentation, forms, landing pages, consent, webinar platforms, enrichment, data normalisation, routing, attribution, ABM, intent, product signals and reporting all started getting layered on top of each other.

A marketer could have what looked like a fairly simple idea — run a webinar, launch a campaign, target these accounts — but underneath that apparently simple request there could be ten systems, multiple data dependencies, several teams and a lot of assumptions that all had to work together.

Layers added over 15 years, oldest first

The campaign still looked simple on the surface — the complexity had simply moved underneath it

The request: Run a webinar · Launch a campaign · Target these accounts

Platform admin

Campaign execution

Segmentation

Forms

Landing pages

Consent

Webinar platforms

Enrichment

Data normalisation

Routing

Attribution

ABM

Intent

Product signals

Reporting

~10 systems · Many data dependencies · Several teams · Countless assumptions

We became very good at making complexity invisible

This is one of the strange things about Marketing Operations and probably one of the reasons the function has sometimes struggled to explain its value.

When good Marketing Ops works, not much happens.

The email gets delivered to the right audience, the customer isn't sent something they shouldn't receive, the form works, the data gets enriched, the lead goes to the right salesperson, the campaign gets recorded correctly and eventually the dashboard gives leadership something reasonably close to the truth.

Nobody celebrates any of that because it is supposed to happen.

Chloe Pott captured this really well in an article that partly prompted me to write this. Her argument is that if Marketing Ops ownership disappears, the technology doesn't necessarily collapse; in many cases it carries on running while the controls around accuracy, attribution, compliance, routing and governance slowly become less reliable, something she describes as silent degradation.

Silent degradation

01

Ops ownership removed

Technology keeps running

02

Controls weaken

Accuracy · attribution · compliance · routing · governance

03

Silent degradation

No outage. No alarm. Just less reliability.

Concept: Chloe Pott.

I think that is exactly right, but there is another problem underneath it.

Because we became so good at quietly making the machinery work, we also allowed the value of Marketing Ops to become closely associated with doing the work.

That becomes a problem when somebody looks at the team and sees campaign builds, tickets, imports, integrations and platform administration, because eventually the obvious question gets asked — why do we need a senior Marketing Ops leader when we could just hire more people to do those things?

I've seen versions of that thinking throughout my career and I understand where it comes from. Marketing itself is constantly being asked to prove that the money going in produces something commercially useful coming out, so if the Marketing leadership team doesn't really understand what the operating layer does, it becomes difficult for them to articulate that value upwards as well.

Nobody is necessarily doing anything wrong, but the result is usually predictable.

The reactive Ops loop

01

Value is seen as “the work”

Leadership sees builds, tickets, imports and admin.

02

The team gets stretched

The leader is dragged into execution.

03

Everyone becomes reactive

Missing leads, reconciling numbers, a changed Salesforce field.

04

The answer: more capacity

Another specialist, agency, platform — or a whole new MAP.

05

It helps for a while

The underlying architecture is unchanged.

↺ Step 05 loops back to 02

The exit: You cannot keep resourcing your way out of an architectural problem.

The Ops team gets stretched, the leader gets dragged into execution, everyone becomes reactive and suddenly some very capable people are spending most of their week launching campaigns, investigating why a lead disappeared, reconciling numbers, fixing data, dealing with a field somebody changed in Salesforce and answering questions about systems nobody else fully understands.

Then because the team looks reactive, the answer becomes more execution capacity. Another specialist. Another agency. Another platform. Sometimes another entire marketing automation system.

And that can help for a while, but it doesn't solve the underlying issue because you cannot keep resourcing your way out of an architectural problem.

Growth is usually where the operating model gets exposed

Small companies can survive with surprisingly messy operations because humans compensate for the system.

Everybody knows everybody, volumes are manageable, somebody remembers why that field exists, somebody else knows the spreadsheet that actually contains the right number and if a lead goes missing you can message Sales and work it out manually.

Then ambition changes.

The company wants to move upmarket, add countries, launch new products, introduce ABM, run PLG and sales-led motions together, hire more SDRs, create partner channels and give leadership much better revenue visibility.

This is normally where the cracks that were always there become visible.

Where ambition exposes the cracks

The business wants…

An account-based motion

…but the operating layer

Still thinks primarily in leads

The business wants…

To use product signals

…but the operating layer

Nobody has decided how they affect qualification

The business wants…

To add countries

…but the operating layer

Teams create slightly different lifecycle processes

The business wants…

More SDRs and sellers

…but the operating layer

Sales expands faster than territory and routing logic

The business wants…

Better revenue visibility

…but the operating layer

Finance, Sales and Marketing hold three interpretations of where pipeline came from

The natural reaction is often to look at the stack. Maybe HubSpot isn't sophisticated enough. Maybe we need Marketo. Maybe Marketo is the problem and we should go back to HubSpot. Maybe we need another intent platform, another enrichment provider or a better attribution tool.

And sometimes that genuinely is the right answer, but technology cannot make the decisions that actually matter.

Four things technology cannot decide for you

  1. 01

    What your lifecycle should be

  2. 02

    How to resolve a political disagreement between Sales and Marketing about qualification

  3. 03

    Which signals actually matter commercially

  4. 04

    Where accountability should sit when a process crosses five functions

Those are operating-model decisions.

This is why I have increasingly thought that the senior Marketing Ops role is misunderstood when we reduce it to technical ownership. Of course the leader needs technical credibility, but their bigger job is understanding what the business is trying to achieve and then translating that ambition into a system that can actually support it.

What should the lifecycle look like, where does Marketing's responsibility end and Sales' begin, what information needs to exist at each point, which systems should own which decisions, what should be automated, where should people still make the call and what happens downstream when somebody changes something upstream?

Those questions sit above any individual platform. And increasingly I think they look much more like product questions.

Maybe Marketing Ops should be treated more like a product

Mike Rizzo from MarketingOps.com has been talking about this idea for a while and it is one of the more interesting directions I have seen the profession take.

In an Ops Cast discussion, he described the Marketing Ops practitioner as the strategist and key enabler of the GTM technology stack as a product — taking organisational goals, translating them into capabilities, building a roadmap, thinking through user stories and journeys, releasing functionality and then helping the organisation actually use it.

Running the GTM stack as a product

  1. 01

    Organisational goals

  2. 02

    Capabilities

  3. 03

    Roadmap

  4. 04

    User stories & journeys

  5. 05

    Release functionality

  6. 06

    Drive adoption

MarketingOps.com certification path

01

Marketing Operations Professional

02

GTM Product Manager

03

GTM Product Architect

From execution into orchestration. Source: Mike Rizzo / MarketingOps.com.

MarketingOps.com has since made that thinking much more explicit in its certification path, moving from Marketing Operations Professional to GTM Product Manager and then GTM Product Architect, with the GTM Product Manager positioned as someone who owns the GTM stack like a product and moves from execution into orchestration.

I don't think the product idea itself is new, but when I connect it with what I've seen in practice, the rise of Marketing Engineering and what AI is now making possible, the shape of the function starts to look quite different.

I like that idea because it changes what we think the product actually is.

The product isn't Marketo. It isn't HubSpot. It isn't Salesforce, Clay or whatever platform becomes fashionable next year.

The product is the capability those systems create together.

The product isn't the platform

Systems

Marketo · HubSpot · Salesforce · Clay · Next year's platform

The product

The GTM capability

Marketing

Uses it to move quickly

Sales

Uses what it delivers

Product

Feeds signals into it

Finance & Leadership

Consume outputs and rely on it to see the business

Marketing is a user of that product, Sales is another user, Product may be feeding signals into it, Finance consumes outputs from it and leadership relies on it to understand what is actually happening in the business.

Once you think that way the questions become much more useful.

The product health check

Speed

Can marketers move quickly without breaking things?

Signal

Can the business recognise meaningful demand?

Context

Does context survive as a customer moves between teams?

Sales trust

Can Sales trust what arrives?

Finance trust

Can Finance trust the numbers?

Changeability

Can we change the operating model without quietly breaking something else?

A good product manager doesn't personally build every feature and that isn't really the point of a senior Marketing Ops leader either.

Their job is to understand the problem, understand the users, make the trade-offs, decide what needs building, bring the right people together and make sure whatever gets created produces an outcome the business actually values.

That is a very different way of thinking about the function from being the owner of a marketing automation platform.

AI makes that shift more important, not less

The obvious question is where AI fits into all of this.

I think it is going to remove a lot of operational work and I don't see why we should be afraid of saying that.

Research will become faster, campaign production will become faster, analysis will become easier, integrations that used to require specialist support will become much more accessible and agents will increasingly move information between systems, investigate problems and perform sequences of tasks that currently involve several people.

McKinsey's research into AI-enabled marketing organisations is already finding widespread AI use but far fewer companies capturing value across complete end-to-end workflows, which is an important distinction because giving everybody an AI tool is very different from redesigning how the organisation actually works.

That is the part I think companies need to be careful with.

AI doesn't fix the operating model underneath it, it simply gives that model more speed and reach.

AI gives your operating model more speed and reach

Put in…

A good process

…and AI gives you

Something good, scaled

Put in…

A confused process

…and AI gives you

Confusion, scaled much faster

Put in…

A poor lead definition

…and AI gives you

A poor lead definition, applied by AI

Put in…

Bad routing logic

…and AI gives you

Bad routing, executed by an agent

Put in…

Attribution nobody believes

…and AI gives you

The same doubt — with a chatbot attached

Put in…

A broken workflow

…and AI gives you

A broken workflow with automated manual steps

Operating model × AI = The same thing, faster.

This is why the real opportunity for Marketing Ops isn't simply becoming the team that owns the AI tools. It is making sure the business understands what should be automated in the first place, how those automations fit together, where the data comes from, who owns the decisions and what happens when an automated system gets something wrong.

That starts to move Marketing Ops closer to product management, architecture and engineering. Which is where I think the next interesting change happens.

Marketing Engineering isn't new, but its importance probably is

Marketing Engineering has existed for years and MarketingOps.com's original four-pillar model actually included Marketing Development/Engineering alongside platform operations, campaign operations and marketing intelligence.

The engineering pillar covered the more technical work — custom tools, front-end development and integrations — while its newer framework brings technology and data together and explicitly talks about teams containing software engineers, data engineers, product managers, administrators and analysts operating more like a product or technology organisation.

From four pillars to a product & technology organisation

Original model

  • Platform operations
  • Campaign operations
  • Marketing intelligence
  • Development / Engineering — custom tools, front-end, integrations

Newer framework — technology and data together

  • Software engineers
  • Data engineers
  • Product managers
  • Administrators
  • Analysts
Source: MarketingOps.com.

What AI changes is who can build and how quickly they can build it.

A Marketing Engineer increasingly doesn't need to mean someone sitting inside Marketing waiting six weeks to write custom application code. It can mean somebody who understands Marketing deeply enough to identify a problem and technically enough to build the thing that solves it.

That might be an agent that checks campaign briefs before they enter production, a workflow that connects product behaviour to CRM records, an internal application that helps marketers find the right audience, automated data-quality monitoring, APIs connecting systems that were previously handled manually or small tools that remove repetitive work from the rest of the team.

The technical barrier between having the idea and building the first version is getting much lower.

And that is where GTM Engineering becomes interesting as well.

Clay has pushed the term heavily, so it is worth recognising that some of the current narrative comes from a vendor with a clear interest in the category, but the underlying idea is useful: instead of repeatedly performing a revenue task by hand, build a reusable system that performs the task and then measure whether that system improves a commercial outcome.

Clay's own model separates GTM Engineering from core operations in a way I think makes sense. Operations provides the stable foundation — data, CRM, governance and reliability — while engineers build and test new revenue workflows on top of that foundation; once something proves useful, it can be industrialised and governed properly.

Two layers: build on top, industrialise below

Experimental layer — Marketing & GTM Engineering

  • Build and test new revenue workflows
  • Campaign-brief checking agent
  • Product behaviour → CRM
  • Audience-finder app
  • Data-quality monitoring
  • System-to-system APIs
  • Small tools that remove repetitive work

Stable core — Operations

The foundation everything relies on

  • Data
  • CRM
  • Governance
  • Reliability
  • Lifecycle
  • Permissions
  • Compliance

Proven? → Industrialise & govern properly

Model adapted from Clay's separation of GTM Engineering and core operations.

That distinction matters because I don't think the answer is to rename every Marketing Ops person a GTM Engineer.

Someone still needs to care about the foundations. Someone still needs to understand the lifecycle, the data model, permissions, compliance, system ownership, reporting and all the boring things that suddenly become extremely important when they stop working.

But alongside that stable core you can start building a much more experimental layer that continuously asks a different question.

What are people repeatedly doing today that should really be a system tomorrow?

The future Marketing Ops team may look very different

I don't think there will be one standard org chart because a 100-person SaaS company and a global enterprise obviously have different needs, but the capability mix is becoming easier to imagine.

The future Marketing Ops capability mix

Product & architecture

Translates business ambition into the operating model and roadmap

Marketing engineering

Builds tools, agents, integrations and automation

Intelligence

Turns data into decisions

Campaigns & enablement

Makes sure marketers can actually use the system

Platform & data

Keeps the foundations trustworthy

GTM engineering

In some organisations: repeatable revenue workflows across Marketing, Sales and RevOps

A service desk → An internal product and engineering capability for Marketing.

The names will change and some companies will combine several of those roles into one person.

What matters more is that Marketing Ops begins to look less like a service desk and more like an internal product and engineering capability for Marketing.

That also changes what I would look for when hiring the leader.

I would still want technical depth, but "Do you know Marketo?" would be quite low down my list.

I would rather give somebody the business model, explain where we want to go over the next three years and ask them what they think will break.

Rewriting the Marketing Ops leader interview

Low on the list — tests platforms

  • Do you know Marketo?
  • Can you run HubSpot?
  • How strong are you in Salesforce?
  • Can you build the campaigns and fix the routing?

What I'd ask — tests systems thinking

  • Here's our three-year plan, what will break?
  • How would you design the lifecycle?
  • What should Marketing own, and where should Sales take over?
  • Which signals matter?
  • What would you automate first, and where would you keep a person involved?
  • How would you decide whether a new tool is really necessary?
  • How would you explain this to a CMO or CRO without hiding behind a systems diagram?

Platforms can be learned. Systems thinking is much harder.

Platforms can be learned. Systems thinking is much harder.

And interestingly, this isn't only a Marketing Ops idea. Netflix's Chief Product and Technology Officer Elizabeth Stone recently described systems thinking as one of the most important skills she looks for in the AI era, precisely because increasingly powerful tools make it easier to create output while making judgment about how the pieces fit together more valuable.

That feels very relevant to where Marketing is heading.

Perhaps the future marketer is simply more operational

For a long time we maintained a convenient distinction where Marketing created the strategy and Marketing Ops made it happen.

I am not convinced that survives.

You can't design the strategy without understanding the operation

Strategy

ABM

Operational dependency

Requires account data

Strategy

PLG

Operational dependency

Requires product signals

Strategy

Personalisation

Operational dependency

Requires identity

Strategy

AI deployment

Operational dependency

Requires workflows & governance

Strategy

Revenue contribution

Operational dependency

Requires how measurement works

You cannot really design ABM without understanding account data, you cannot design PLG without understanding product signals, you cannot personalise intelligently without understanding identity, you cannot deploy AI without thinking about workflows and governance and it is increasingly difficult to talk credibly about Marketing's contribution to revenue if you don't understand how the underlying measurement actually works.

That doesn't mean everybody becomes technical.

Creative instinct still matters, brand matters, product marketing matters, customer understanding matters and some of the very best marketers I have worked with have had an instinct for markets and messaging that no operating framework can manufacture.

But I think the strongest marketers will increasingly understand enough of the operating environment to know how their ideas become real.

And the strongest operators will understand enough about the customer and the business that they are not simply waiting for somebody else to tell them what to build.

The gap between those two people starts getting smaller.

The gap gets smaller

The strongest marketer

  • Understands enough of the operating environment to know how ideas become real

The strongest operator

  • Understands enough of the customer and business not to wait to be told what to build

Shared ground: Customer · business · systems

Which is why, strangely enough, I am quite optimistic about Marketing Ops.

AI probably will remove some of the work. It may reduce the number of people required to perform certain tasks and some roles that exist today probably won't exist in exactly the same form five years from now.

I don't think pretending otherwise helps anyone.

Let AI take it. Use the space to move up.

Hand to AI

  • Building another campaign
  • Moving another list
  • Pulling another report
  • Investigating another sync error
  • Copying information between systems

Move upwards

  • Understand the business
  • Spend more time with Sales and Product
  • Understand Finance
  • Design better operating models
  • Learn what AI and engineering make possible
  • Explain operational problems in commercial language

But for years very capable Marketing Ops people have spent enormous amounts of time doing things that stopped them doing the work they were actually capable of.

Building another campaign. Moving another list. Pulling another report. Investigating another sync error. Copying information between systems because the systems couldn't do it themselves.

If AI takes some of that away, good. We don't need to defend every task simply because it happened to become part of our job description.

The opportunity is to use that space to move upwards — understand the business, spend more time with Sales and Product, understand Finance, become better at designing operating models, learn enough about AI and engineering to know what is possible and become much better at explaining operational problems in commercial language.

Where companies should start

For companies the starting point isn't particularly complicated either.

Before adding another ten marketers, another platform or another layer of AI, follow one customer signal through the organisation and see what actually happens to it.

The signal trace: follow one customer signal end to end

  1. 01

    Entry

    Where does it enter?

  2. 02

    Systems

    Which systems touch it?

  3. 03

    Changes

    Who changes it?

  4. 04

    Decisions

    Who makes decisions from it?

  5. 05

    Context loss

    Where is context lost?

  6. 06

    Compensation

    Where are people manually compensating for a weak process?

  7. 07

    Workarounds

    Where have teams quietly worked around a system too hard to fix?

Result: That is your real operating model. Test: Can it support where we want to go next? If not: Give somebody ownership of fixing the system.

Where does it enter, which systems touch it, who changes it, who makes decisions from it, where is context lost, where are people manually compensating for a weak process and where have teams quietly created workarounds because fixing the underlying system became too difficult?

That is your real operating model. Then ask whether it can support where the company wants to go next.

If it can't, adding more activity isn't going to solve it. Give somebody ownership of fixing the system.

From operating the engine to designing it

Marketing Ops spent much of the last 15 years becoming very good at operating increasingly complicated marketing technology, and there was genuine value in that, but I think the next chapter is more interesting because we can start treating the environment as a product, bring engineering much closer to Marketing and use AI to remove work that probably never needed a human in the first place.

For people working in Marketing Ops today, I wouldn't spend too much energy worrying about protecting the old definition of the job.

I would learn the business above the technology.

Learn the business above the technology

Money

How the company makes money

Journey

The customer journey beyond Marketing

Sales

How Sales actually works

Product

Get comfortable with product thinking

AI

Experiment with AI and automation

Build

Enough engineering to build simple things yourself

Connect

See where the connections are missing

Last 15 years: learning how the engine works → Next chapter: designing the engine itself.

Learn how the company makes money, understand the customer journey beyond Marketing, learn how Sales actually works, get comfortable with product thinking, experiment with AI and automation, learn enough engineering to build simple things yourself and become the person who can look across all of it and see where the connections are missing.

We have spent years learning how the engine works.

Now, perhaps for the first time, we have the tools and the opportunity to help design the engine itself.

And that feels like a much better future for Marketing Ops than simply getting faster at operating the one we inherited.

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